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AvalonBay Communities(AVB) - 2023 Q4 - Annual Report

Company Operations and Development - As of January 31, 2024, the company owned or held interests in 279 operating apartment communities with a total of 83,655 apartment homes[16]. - The company completed the development of 21 apartment communities and the redevelopment of 2 apartment communities over the past three years[20]. - The company acquired 14 apartment communities and disposed of 22 apartment communities during the same period[20]. - The company has rights to develop an additional 30 communities, which are expected to contain 10,801 apartment homes[16]. - The company operates under four core brands: Avalon, AVA, eaves by Avalon, and Kanso, targeting different customer segments[19]. - The company has entered into joint ventures to develop and own communities, allowing for diversification and potential higher returns on invested capital[37]. - The company operates an investment platform providing mezzanine loans or preferred equity to third-party multifamily developers in existing regions[39]. - The company has a Developer Funding Program that utilizes third-party developers for sourcing and constructing communities[165]. - The company has 24 Development communities with a total of 7,629 apartment homes[150]. - The company has identified 30 Development Rights opportunities, which include 10,801 potential apartment homes[150]. - The company has a presence in various geographic markets, with significant communities in Southern California, Northern California, and the Mid-Atlantic region[158]. - The company has an indirect interest in the AVA Arts District in Los Angeles, CA, with 475 apartment homes and a projected total capitalized cost of 291million,expectedtostabilizeoperationsbyQ42024[167].FinancialPerformanceNetincomeattributabletocommonstockholdersfortheyearendedDecember31,2023was291 million, expected to stabilize operations by Q4 2024[167]. Financial Performance - Net income attributable to common stockholders for the year ended December 31, 2023 was 928,825,000, a decrease of 207,950,000,or18.3207,950,000, or 18.3%, from the prior year[199]. - Same Store NOI for apartment rental operations increased to 1,732,422,000, reflecting a 100,738,000,or6.2100,738,000, or 6.2%, increase over the prior year[199]. - Same Store Residential rental revenue increased by 149,495,000, or 6.3%, while property operating expenses rose by 48,752,000,or6.648,752,000, or 6.6%[199]. - The company raised approximately 1,363,299,000 of gross capital through real estate sales and unsecured notes during 2023[200]. - Four wholly-owned communities were sold for 446,000,000,containing987apartmenthomesand27,000squarefeetofcommercialspace[200].Sixwhollyownedcommunitieswerecompleted,containing1,393apartmenthomesand29,000squarefeetofcommercialspace,withatotalcapitalizedcostof446,000,000, containing 987 apartment homes and 27,000 square feet of commercial space[200]. - Six wholly-owned communities were completed, containing 1,393 apartment homes and 29,000 square feet of commercial space, with a total capitalized cost of 575,000,000[200]. - Construction began on six new communities expected to contain 2,040 apartment homes, with an estimated total capitalized cost of 800,000,000[200].Thecompanyissued800,000,000[200]. - The company issued 400,000,000 principal amount of fixed rate unsecured notes and repaid 600,000,000principalamountoffixedrateunsecurednotesduring2023[201].StrategicGoalsandManagementThecompanyaimstoincreaselongtermshareholdervaluethroughstrategicacquisitions,developments,andefficientoperations[18].Thecompanyfocusesoninnovativepropertymanagementstrategiestomaximizeoperatingincomeandconstrainoperatingexpenses[31].Thecompanyhasacapitalstructurealignedwithitsbusinessrisks,ensuringcontinuousaccesstocosteffectivecapital[18].Thecompanymaintainsacapitalstructurethatprovidesfinancialflexibility,estimatingshorttermliquidityneedswillbemetfromcashonhand,borrowingsundera600,000,000 principal amount of fixed rate unsecured notes during 2023[201]. Strategic Goals and Management - The company aims to increase long-term shareholder value through strategic acquisitions, developments, and efficient operations[18]. - The company focuses on innovative property management strategies to maximize operating income and constrain operating expenses[31]. - The company has a capital structure aligned with its business risks, ensuring continuous access to cost-effective capital[18]. - The company maintains a capital structure that provides financial flexibility, estimating short-term liquidity needs will be met from cash on hand, borrowings under a 2,250,000,000 credit facility, and a 500,000,000commercialpaperprogram[36].Thecompanyexpectstomeetliquidityneedsthroughexistingcash,operatingcashflows,andvariousfinancingoptions[203].WorkforceandDiversityAsofJanuary31,2024,thecompanyemployed3,039associates,withapproximately98500,000,000 commercial paper program[36]. - The company expects to meet liquidity needs through existing cash, operating cash flows, and various financing options[203]. Workforce and Diversity - As of January 31, 2024, the company employed 3,039 associates, with approximately 98% being full-time and 65% working on-site at operating communities[49]. - The company has a diverse workforce, with 37% of associates self-identifying as White, 30% as Hispanic, 16% as Black, and 6% as Asian[49]. - The company’s success is dependent on attracting and retaining key personnel in a competitive real estate industry[137]. Risks and Challenges - The company faces competition from other real estate investors and operators, impacting its ability to acquire and develop apartment communities[44]. - The company is subject to various governmental regulations that can materially impact its business, including capital expenditures and earnings[45]. - The company may face challenges in acquiring properties due to competition from other well-capitalized investors, which could increase prices and adversely affect profitability[58]. - Rising interest rates could increase interest costs and affect the market price of the company's common stock, with potential adverse effects on earnings[73]. - The company may incur expenses related to mezzanine debt and preferred equity investments, which could negatively impact its results of operations[65]. - The company is exposed to risks associated with investments in technology and environmentally focused venture funds, which may decline in value[62]. - The company faces risks related to compliance with zoning and other requirements for tax-exempt bonds, which could limit income and restrict the use of communities[76]. - The company faces risks related to maintaining its credit ratings, which are crucial for cost of funds and access to capital markets[81]. - The company is experiencing increased scrutiny regarding its environmental, social, and governance (ESG) practices, which could lead to additional costs and impact business practices[85]. - Rent control laws in various states, such as California and New York, could limit the company's ability to raise rents and affect revenue[86]. - The multifamily rental market is facing antitrust scrutiny, with ongoing lawsuits that may impact the company despite its dismissal from a previous case[87]. - Short-term leases expose the company to rapid declines in market rents, affecting rental revenue more quickly than longer-term leases would[91]. - Competition from other rental housing options could limit the company's ability to lease apartment homes and maintain rental rates[92]. - Inflation has accelerated, potentially impacting residents' ability to pay rents and the company's overall results of operations[100]. - The company may incur costs related to climate change, including increased capital expenditures or operating expenses due to new regulations[116]. - Environmental contamination or non-compliance could result in substantial liabilities that exceed the company's insurance coverage[117]. - The company is exposed to risks from uninsurable events, including earthquake and severe weather risks, which could materially affect its financial condition[114]. - The company has implemented operations and maintenance programs for properties with asbestos and lead paint, but cannot guarantee full compliance or absence of liability[120]. Regulatory and Tax Considerations - The company has not engaged in trading or underwriting securities of other issuers and intends to maintain its qualification as a REIT[41]. - Failure to qualify as a REIT would result in significant tax liabilities, reducing funds available for distribution to stockholders[102]. - The company is subject to certain federal, state, and local taxes on income and property, and may face additional compliance challenges due to its expanding range of investments[106]. - Legislative changes affecting REITs could negatively impact the company's ability to qualify as a REIT and the federal income tax consequences of such qualification[107]. - The company has established several TRSs, which must pay federal income tax as regular corporations, and transactions with these TRSs must be conducted at arm's-length to avoid a 100% penalty tax[108]. - Failure of any subsidiary to qualify as a REIT could adversely affect the company's overall REIT qualification status[109]. - The estimated tax protection payments related to the Archstone assets could amount to approximately 44.1 million if triggering actions were taken in 2023[30]. - The company may face adverse tax consequences if transactions intended as Section 1031 exchanges are later determined to be taxable[111]. - A significant portion of the company's debt is subject to prepayment penalties, which could adversely affect operational results if a substantial amount of debt is prepaid[80]. - Changes in U.S. accounting standards may materially impact the company's reported financial results[130].