美国商业银行存款产品实践对养老储蓄产品创设的启示

Deposit Product Overview and Issues - Middle-aged and elderly groups tend to use fixed deposits as a means of wealth preservation, while commercial banks face pressure from narrowing net interest margins and need stable liability funds to optimize their balance sheet structure [1] - The supply of pension-specific savings products is limited, indicating a mismatch between supply and demand [1] - Deposit product characteristics include: (1) term remains the primary factor determining interest rates, (2) liquidity is enhanced through methods like transferability, (3) deposit products are becoming more like wealth management products, such as structured deposits, and (4) financial technology is improving the convenience of deposit products [1] - After 2015, the central bank removed administrative restrictions on deposit rates, promoting interest rate liberalization, but deposit innovations mainly relied on price competition and did not enhance customer loyalty [1] US Commercial Bank Deposit Product Design - US deposit accounts reflect a relationship-tier-based interest rate pricing strategy, where deposit rates do not always increase with term length, and customer-bank relationships are a key factor in pricing [1] - Deposit pricing in the US consists of two parts: funding cost (interest rate) and account service value (service fees), with banks parameterizing service elements to create diverse deposit product packages [1] - US banks use complex terms and customized packages to segment the market, retain customers, and avoid unnecessary expansion in non-core areas [1] - US banks offer children's savings accounts, which serve as tools for parents to cultivate financial literacy in children, with lower interest rates and no account management fees [20] Insights for Creating Pension Deposit Products in China - To avoid price wars, deposit products should be "complexified" by offering diversified deposit combinations, such as the US "laddered deposit strategy," to balance cash flow and long-term goals [2] - Comprehensive contribution pricing methods can be explored for pension deposits, creating deposit packages with different value propositions [2] - Pension electronic accounts can serve as practical tools for middle-aged and young groups to implement pension concepts, similar to the US children's savings accounts [2] - Deposit "FOF" strategies can balance long-term deposits and cash flow by dispersing funds across different maturity dates, reducing the necessity for ultra-long-term deposits [26] - Comprehensive contribution pricing can be applied to the elderly group, offering risk mitigation services and consumption scenario services, with conditional interest rate increases based on customer activity and contribution [28]