对等关税对烯烃产业链影响：乙烷、丙烷裂解承压

Investment Rating - The report suggests a cautious approach towards the chemical industry, particularly focusing on the impacts of tariff changes on the olefin supply chain [5]. Core Insights - The imposition of reciprocal tariffs by China on U.S. imports has led to increased costs for imported goods, particularly affecting the ethane and propane markets [12][15]. - The chemical industry in China shows a manageable overall import dependency, but certain raw materials exhibit high reliance on U.S. imports, notably ethane and propane [3][19]. - The report highlights the potential shift in trade flows for propane imports from the U.S. to countries like Qatar and the UAE due to rising costs from tariffs [4][13]. Summary by Sections Tariff Impact - The U.S. has implemented a series of tariff adjustments, with China responding by increasing tariffs on U.S. goods to 125% [15][16]. - The recent negotiations have led to a temporary suspension of some tariffs, but a 10% tariff remains in place, which could still affect import costs [18][28]. Import Dependency - In 2024, China imported $11.1 billion worth of liquefied propane, with 59.2% sourced from the U.S., while ethane imports were almost entirely from the U.S. with a dependency rate of 98.7% [3][26]. - The overall import dependency of the chemical industry is around 11%, with specific categories like chemical products showing higher reliance on U.S. imports [25][19]. Production and Cost Structure - The report indicates that the production of polyethylene and polypropylene in China has significantly increased, with capacities reaching 58.19 million tons and 72.11 million tons respectively by April 2025 [29][30]. - The cost structure of different production routes shows that coal-based and gas-based methods are becoming more prominent, reducing the correlation of olefin prices with crude oil prices [39][47]. Future Considerations - The report advises monitoring the ongoing changes in tariff policies and their implications for the cost structure of the olefin industry, particularly for propane dehydrogenation (PDH) processes [5][28]. - The potential for alternative sourcing of propane and the feasibility of toll processing for ethane are highlighted as strategies to mitigate tariff impacts [4][14].