当前经济与政策思考：特朗普的金融监管思路

Group 1: Regulatory Relaxation Motivations - Trump aims to reform the Dodd-Frank Act, citing increased compliance costs for community banks and negative impacts on financing and employment growth[5] - The number of small credit unions decreased from 7,339 in 2010 to 6,021 by the end of 2015, indicating a reduction in community banks that provide housing and small business loans[6] - A 2016 survey showed an 11% decrease in small business loan availability since the Dodd-Frank Act, with 63% of small businesses and 58% of startups unable to meet their financing needs[6] Group 2: Potential Regulatory Changes - Trump may push for the Financial Choice Act, which previously passed the House but failed in the Senate due to its aggressive nature[9] - The Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act (EGRRCPA) was signed into law in May 2018, serving as a scaled-back version of the Financial Choice Act[9] - Proposed changes include relaxing capital requirements for banks, ending the "too big to fail" doctrine, and increasing penalties for fraud, potentially tripling fines in certain cases[10] Group 3: Institutional Adjustments - Consideration to close the FDIC and restructure the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) from a single-director to a five-member board[11] - Plans to cut nearly 90% of CFPB staff, approximately 1,500 employees, by the end of 2024[11] - Adjustments to regulatory functions may include transferring deposit insurance to the Treasury and requiring independent regulatory agencies to undergo White House review for major regulatory actions[12]