证券研究报告|行业周报 2025/01/02 电气设备行业 投资评级 看好 电池厂进入招标期，铁锂材料或有较强涨价动力 五矿证券研究所 新能源行业 分析师：张斯恺 登记编码：S0950523110002 邮箱：zhangsikai@wkzq.com.cn 分析师：张鹏 登记编码：S0950523070001 邮箱：zhangpeng1@wkzq.com.cn 分析师：蔡紫豪 登记编码：S0950523070002 邮箱：caizihao@wkzq.com.cn 分析师：张娜威 登记编码： S0950524070001 邮箱： zhangnawei@wkzq.com.cn 联系人：顾思捷 邮箱：gusj@wkzq.com.cn 联系人：钟林志 邮箱：zhonglinzhi@wkzq.com.cn 联系人：吴依凡 邮箱：wuyf3@wkzq.com.cn Contents 目录 新能源产业趋势点评 01 附录 产业动态&数据跟踪 02 03 光伏/风电 储能/电网 能源金属 电池及材料 新能源车 电力（新能源/传统能源） 行业指数涨跌幅 细分板块行情回顾 新能源产业趋势点评 4 珍惜有限 创造无限 新能源产业趋势 ...

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Summary of Conference Call Notes Company and Industry - The conference call discusses the mining industry, specifically focusing on the company involved in the Las Bambas mine in Peru and its operations. Key Points and Arguments 1. Removal of Obstacles - **Production Obstacles Removed**: The Las Bambas mine faced significant production and transportation disruptions due to community issues, with nearly 400 days of shutdown over the past five years. Since March 2023, normal production has resumed due to support from the new Peruvian government and improved community relations through long-term agreements [1] - **Financial Obstacles Removed**: The company faced a financial burden from the $2 billion Chucapaca project. However, by bringing in strategic investors in July, financial constraints have been fully alleviated, with expectations of reduced debt levels and leverage by year-end [2] - **Tax Obstacles Removed**: Following the acquisition of Las Bambas for nearly $6 billion, the Peruvian tax authority demanded approximately $2.5 billion in fines. After an appeal, it was determined that $1.7 billion of this was not owed, with a positive outlook on the remaining $900 million, effectively resolving tax issues [3] 2. High Growth Potential - **Production Growth**: The company is projected to be one of the fastest-growing in terms of production within its sector, with copper output expected to reach 490,000 to 540,000 tons, representing a 40% to 56% increase from 2023. The Chucapaca mine is expected to expand to a maximum of 610,000 tons, with significant contributions from the Las Bambas second pit starting in Q2 2024 [4] - **Cost Reduction**: Significant cost reductions are anticipated at Las Bambas, with the first half of 2024 expected to see costs above industry averages, dropping below average in the second half, potentially increasing net profits by approximately $60 million. Costs are also expected to decrease at the Kiva mine and during the ramp-up at Chucapaca [5] - **Financial Expense Savings**: The company plans to reduce financial costs through debt restructuring, with expected savings of several million. With the Federal Reserve's interest rate cuts, a reduction of 100 basis points could save $34 million in financial expenses, with further reductions anticipated next year. Overall, financial expenses are expected to decrease by about $100 million, a 30% reduction [6] 3. Undervaluation - **Dynamic Valuation Low**: Although the static PE valuation appears high, the dynamic PE for next year is expected to be around 7-8 times, significantly lower than peers like Zijin at 12-13 times and Luoyang at 10 times. By 2026, as costs decrease, the PE is projected to drop to 5-6 times [7] - **Relative Valuation Low**: The company’s valuation is lower compared to peers in terms of resource valuation and EV/EBITDA metrics. The static valuation for 2024 is impacted by acquisition costs and interest expenses, but with capacity releases and cost reductions, the company’s performance and valuation are expected to improve significantly [8]

公路出行稍有好转，短途旅游仍相较低迷。11 月份公路和水路出行较 2019 年同期恢复度仍 处于较低水平。公路出行恢复度达 63%，为本年度最高值，但我们分析本月以及未来两到三 休闲服务 [Table_Page] |周报 个月的增长的主要原因是年底民众逐渐返乡，出于铁路和民航票务价格及票务数量有限等原 因，公路返乡会成为不少民众的选择。所以公路出行以及短途旅游热度是否真的能做到整体 性且持续性恢复，还需要进一步观察。 资料来源：国家统计局，五矿证券研究所 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | |-----------|-------|---------------|-------|-------|-------|-------|------------| | | | | | | | | | | 600 | | 2000 | | | | | 120% | | | | 1800 | | | | | | | 500 | | 1600 | | | | | 100% | | 400 | | 1400 | | | | | 80% | | | | 1200 | ...

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Positive" investment rating for the industry [11]. Core Insights - The mining industry is currently facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges amid the global economic landscape and energy transition. Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) are seen as the fastest and most effective path for mining companies to expand internationally, with two main transaction modes: equity acquisition and project acquisition. Each mode has its advantages and disadvantages, and the choice between them should be based on specific circumstances to maximize benefits and efficiency [15][26]. Summary by Sections Section 1: M&A Modes - Mining M&A can be categorized into equity acquisition and project acquisition, each with distinct characteristics. Equity acquisition allows for quick access to all assets and operations of the target company but comes with significant risks, including assuming all debts and potential liabilities. Project acquisition, while more precise and lower risk, incurs higher transaction costs [15][45][46]. Section 2: Market Updates (December 16-20, 2024) - Precious Metals: Expectations of interest rate cuts have cooled, leading to overall pressure on gold prices. The COMEX gold price decreased by 0.7% [4][55]. - Aluminum: The price of alumina continues to rise, with electrolytic aluminum losses exceeding 700 RMB/ton. The long-term price center for aluminum is expected to increase [5][57]. - Tin: Supply continues to recover, but demand remains below expectations, putting continued pressure on tin prices [6][60]. - Tungsten: The tungsten market is stagnant, with buyers negotiating based on demand [7][91]. - Molybdenum: Demand from the steel sector has slightly strengthened, keeping molybdenum prices stable [8][95]. - Titanium: The titanium market shows stable demand, but sponge titanium profits remain under pressure [9][127]. Section 3: Macro Trends and Industry Dynamics - The report highlights a shift towards more proactive fiscal policies and moderately loose monetary policies in China, which are expected to improve macroeconomic expectations. The manufacturing PMI in November was reported at 50.3, indicating a return to growth [72][105]. Section 4: Metal Prices and Sector Performance - The report provides a detailed overview of metal prices, noting fluctuations in various metals such as copper, aluminum, lead, zinc, and tin, with specific price changes and trends over the reporting period [116][119].

Investment Rating - The report rates the industry as "Positive" [4] Core Insights - Global solid mineral exploration investment has entered a downward cycle, with a 1.46% year-on-year decline to $12.909 billion in 2023 due to macroeconomic headwinds, geopolitical tensions, and falling mineral prices [20][21] - Major mining companies dominate the exploration funding market, with a significant shift from grassroots exploration to later-stage detailed exploration and mining exploration, leading to a decline in new mineral discoveries [17][34] - Canada and Australia remain key markets for primary mining capital, but tightening foreign investment regulations have increased challenges for Chinese enterprises seeking to acquire overseas primary mining companies [2][125] Summary by Sections Global Exploration Investment Trends - In 2023, exploration investment in Latin America reached $3.378 billion, accounting for 26.17% of global investment, with Canada and Australia following at $2.505 billion (19.41%) and $2.201 billion (17.05%) respectively [9][47] - The proportion of grassroots exploration has decreased from 47.96% in 2000 to 23.38% in 2023, with a corresponding decline in new major copper and gold discoveries [26][50] Major Mining Companies and Financing - The top ten global exploration companies in 2023 were all large mining firms, with Rio Tinto leading at $357.6 million, followed by Barrick Gold and Vale [34][61] - Large mining companies have a stronger risk tolerance and are less affected by fluctuations in downstream mineral prices, which has led to their increased dominance in exploration funding [34][65] Challenges and Opportunities for Chinese Mining Companies - Chinese mining companies face increased scrutiny and regulatory challenges in Canada and Australia, impacting their ability to acquire primary mining companies [125][126] - The report suggests focusing investments along the Belt and Road Initiative and in African countries, enhancing cooperation to increase resource value [3][106] Domestic Exploration and Investment Strategies - The China Geological Survey Fund plays a crucial role in mineral exploration, with a success rate of 21.6% in new mineral discoveries as of the end of 2023 [13][80] - The report emphasizes the need for better integration of social capital in exploration projects and improving the efficiency of fund utilization [85][110]

证券研究报告 | 行业周报 [Table_Main] 有色金属脉动跟踪：仍需关注降息预期 +"特朗普交易" 报告要点 主要观点更新： 贵金属：降息预期+"特朗普交易"仍需关注。 铜：国内宏观预期好转，静待拐点到来。 铝：氧化铝延续涨势，电解铝亏损至 700 元/吨以上，铝价中枢长期抬升。 铅锌：加工费仍在亏损，锌锭产量持续下行，锌价震荡修复。 锡：非洲锡矿产量增加，锡价继续承压。 镍：镍矿溢价回落，镍价表现弱势。 钨：钨市场价格横盘僵持，采购商按需议价。 锑：内外价差有所修复，光伏需求或触底。 钛：钛材市场需求稳定，海绵钛利润仍然承压。 工业金属周度涨跌幅：LME 铜（-0.4%），LME 铝（0.3%），LME 铅（-2.6%）， LME 锌（+0.6%），LME 镍（-0.9%），LME 锡（-0.2%） 战略小金属周度涨跌幅：碳酸锂（-3.9%），钨精矿（-4.1%），钴（-3%）， 锑（+0%），氧化镨钕（-1.1%），氧化钇（-5.6%），氧化铽（-0.5%），氧 化镝（1.9%） 日期： 2024.12.19 登记编码：S0950523050002 钼：钼价处于僵持状态，年末钢招需求稳定。 金属价 ...

Industry Investment Rating - The report gives a **positive rating** to the central enterprise sector, suggesting a favorable outlook for investment opportunities in this area [12] Core Views - The report emphasizes the importance of **market value management** for central enterprises, highlighting its role in enhancing the quality of listed companies and stabilizing the capital market [10][20] - Central enterprises are seen as a **pillar of the national economy**, with significant influence on economic growth and capital market stability [20] - The report suggests that central enterprises will continue to maintain **high dividend levels** under the "China-specific valuation" and "central enterprise market value management" frameworks [11][53] Summary by Sections Market Value Management Framework - Market value management is divided into three stages: **value creation**, **value operation**, and **value realization** [1][17] - **Value creation** focuses on improving fundamentals through innovation, mergers, and mixed-ownership reforms [1][17] - **Value operation** involves tools like stock buybacks, increased dividends, and strategic investments to align market value with intrinsic value [1][2][17] - **Value realization** aims to enhance investor relations and improve information disclosure quality [1][17] Central Enterprises' Role in Market Value Management - Central enterprises are expected to play a leading role in market value management, with a focus on **high-quality development** and **technological innovation** [23] - The report highlights the importance of **dividends** as a key tool for market value management, with central enterprises being the main contributors to A-share dividends [49][52] - The **"low valuation + high dividend"** characteristic of central enterprises makes them attractive for investment, especially in sectors like banking [11][53] Policy and Regulatory Support - The **State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission (SASAC)** has issued guidelines to strengthen market value management for central enterprises, including measures to address **long-term undervaluation** [2][24] - The **China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC)** has also introduced regulations to encourage cash dividends and improve market value management practices [49][53] Investment Opportunities - The report recommends focusing on central enterprise sectors with **low valuation** and **high dividend yields**, particularly in the banking sector [11][53] - The **valuation repair** potential for undervalued state-owned enterprises is highlighted, driven by policy support and market value management initiatives [11][24]

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Investment Rating - The investment rating for the machinery equipment industry is optimistic [1] Core Insights - The humanoid robot industry is expected to accelerate its industrialization and scaling, driven by advancements such as Tesla's Optimus robot, which features a new dexterous hand with 22 degrees of freedom [12] - Huawei's entry into the humanoid robot sector, with partnerships signed with 16 robot companies, is anticipated to enhance the application of humanoid robots in various domestic scenarios [13] - The manufacturing PMI for November 2024 is reported at 50.3, indicating a recovery in economic activity and presenting three key opportunities: large-scale equipment upgrades, international expansion of Chinese equipment manufacturers, and the industrial application of humanoid robots [14] Summary by Sections Sector Insights - Tesla's Optimus robot showcases significant advancements in flexibility and dexterity, moving closer to mass production [12] - Huawei's innovation center aims to integrate various technologies to foster the development of humanoid robots, enhancing their practical applications [13] Market Review - The general equipment index increased by 9.12% in November, while specialized equipment rose by 7.70% [18] - The engineering machinery sector saw a decline of 3.09% in November, but has shown a year-to-date increase of 26.53% [18] Data Tracking - The cumulative year-on-year profit growth for the general equipment manufacturing industry is reported at 0.4% [27] - The industrial profit growth rate for January to October 2024 is at -3.9%, with the top-performing sectors being paper products and transportation equipment manufacturing [29]